<emd emdb_id="EMD-1469" version="3.0.1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="https://github.com/emdb-empiar/emdb-schemas/blob/master/v3/v3_0_1_1/emdb_relaxed.xsd">
    <admin>
        <current_status>
            <code>REL</code>
            <processing_site>PDBe</processing_site>
        </current_status>
        <sites>
            <deposition>PDBe</deposition>
            <last_processing>PDBe</last_processing>
        </sites>
        <key_dates>
            <deposition>2008-02-13</deposition>
            <header_release>2008-02-13</header_release>
            <map_release>2009-04-20</map_release>
            <update>2014-04-30</update>
        </key_dates>
        <title>Iterative Helical Real Space Reconstruction of Histone Octamer Helical Tubes</title>
        <authors_list>
            <author>Frouws TD</author>
            <author>Patterton HG</author>
            <author>Sewell BT</author>
        </authors_list>
        <keywords>histone, octamer, H2A, H2B, H3, H4, nucleosome, IHRSR, helical, tubular crystal</keywords>
    </admin>
    <crossreferences>
        <citation_list>
            <primary_citation>
                <journal_citation published="true">
                    <author order="1">Frouws TD</author>
                    <author order="2">Patterton HG</author>
                    <author order="3">Sewell BT</author>
                    <title>Histone octamer helical tubes suggest that an internucleosomal four-helix bundle stabilizes the chromatin fiber.</title>
                    <journal>BIOPHYS.J.</journal>
                    <volume>96</volume>
                    <first_page>3363</first_page>
                    <last_page>3371</last_page>
                    <year>2009</year>
                    <external_references type="PUBMED">19383479</external_references>
                    <external_references type="DOI">doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2008.10.075</external_references>
                </journal_citation>
            </primary_citation>
        </citation_list>
        <pdb_list>
            <pdb_reference>
                <pdb_id>3c9k</pdb_id>
                <relationship>
                    <in_frame>FULLOVERLAP</in_frame>
                </relationship>
            </pdb_reference>
        </pdb_list>
    </crossreferences>
    <sample>
        <name>Histone Octamer Tubular Crystals</name>
        <supramolecule_list>
            <sample_supramolecule supramolecule_id="1000">
                <name>Histone Octamer Tubular Crystals</name>
                <details>crystalline tubes</details>
                <oligomeric_state>octameric, C11, and helical</oligomeric_state>
                <number_unique_components>4</number_unique_components>
                <molecular_weight>
                    <experimental units="MDa">0.109</experimental>
                    <theoretical units="MDa">0.109</theoretical>
                    <method>sequence</method>
                </molecular_weight>
            </sample_supramolecule>
        </supramolecule_list>
        <macromolecule_list>
            <protein_or_peptide macromolecule_id="1">
                <name synonym="H2A">histone H2A</name>
                <natural_source database="NCBI">
                    <organism ncbi="9031">Gallus gallus</organism>
                    <synonym_organism>Chicken</synonym_organism>
                    <tissue>Blood</tissue>
                    <cell>Erythrocytes</cell>
                    <organelle>Nucleus</organelle>
                    <cellular_location>Nucleus</cellular_location>
                </natural_source>
                <molecular_weight>
                    <experimental units="MDa">0.014</experimental>
                    <theoretical units="MDa">0.014</theoretical>
                </molecular_weight>
                <details>Histone octamers purified from chicken blood</details>
                <number_of_copies>2</number_of_copies>
                <oligomeric_state>octamer</oligomeric_state>
                <recombinant_exp_flag>false</recombinant_exp_flag>
                <recombinant_expression database="NCBI" />
                <sequence>
                    <external_references type="INTERPRO">IPR002119</external_references>
                </sequence>
            </protein_or_peptide>
            <protein_or_peptide macromolecule_id="2">
                <name synonym="H2B">histone H2B</name>
                <natural_source database="NCBI">
                    <organism ncbi="9031">Gallus gallus</organism>
                    <synonym_organism>Chicken</synonym_organism>
                    <tissue>Blood</tissue>
                    <cell>Erythrocytes</cell>
                    <organelle>Nucleus</organelle>
                    <cellular_location>Nucleus</cellular_location>
                </natural_source>
                <molecular_weight>
                    <experimental units="MDa">0.014</experimental>
                    <theoretical units="MDa">0.014</theoretical>
                </molecular_weight>
                <details>Histone octamers purified from chicken blood</details>
                <number_of_copies>2</number_of_copies>
                <oligomeric_state>octamer</oligomeric_state>
                <recombinant_exp_flag>false</recombinant_exp_flag>
                <recombinant_expression database="NCBI" />
                <sequence>
                    <external_references type="INTERPRO">IPR000558</external_references>
                </sequence>
            </protein_or_peptide>
            <protein_or_peptide macromolecule_id="3">
                <name synonym="H3">histone H3</name>
                <natural_source database="NCBI">
                    <organism ncbi="9031">Gallus gallus</organism>
                    <synonym_organism>Chicken</synonym_organism>
                    <tissue>Blood</tissue>
                    <cell>Erythrocytes</cell>
                    <organelle>Nucleus</organelle>
                    <cellular_location>Nucleus</cellular_location>
                </natural_source>
                <molecular_weight>
                    <experimental units="MDa">0.015</experimental>
                    <theoretical units="MDa">0.015</theoretical>
                </molecular_weight>
                <details>Histone octamers purified from chicken blood</details>
                <number_of_copies>2</number_of_copies>
                <oligomeric_state>octamer</oligomeric_state>
                <recombinant_exp_flag>false</recombinant_exp_flag>
                <recombinant_expression database="NCBI" />
                <sequence>
                    <external_references type="INTERPRO">IPR000164</external_references>
                </sequence>
            </protein_or_peptide>
            <protein_or_peptide macromolecule_id="4">
                <name synonym="H4">histone H4</name>
                <natural_source database="NCBI">
                    <organism ncbi="9031">Gallus gallus</organism>
                    <synonym_organism>Chicken</synonym_organism>
                    <tissue>Blood</tissue>
                    <cell>Erythrocytes</cell>
                    <organelle>Nucleus</organelle>
                    <cellular_location>Nucleus</cellular_location>
                </natural_source>
                <molecular_weight>
                    <experimental units="MDa">0.011</experimental>
                    <theoretical units="MDa">0.011</theoretical>
                </molecular_weight>
                <details>Histone octamers purified from chicken blood</details>
                <number_of_copies>2</number_of_copies>
                <oligomeric_state>octamer</oligomeric_state>
                <recombinant_exp_flag>false</recombinant_exp_flag>
                <recombinant_expression database="NCBI" />
                <sequence>
                    <external_references type="INTERPRO">IPR001951</external_references>
                </sequence>
            </protein_or_peptide>
        </macromolecule_list>
    </sample>
    <structure_determination_list>
        <structure_determination structure_determination_id="1">
            <method>helical</method>
            <aggregation_state>helicalArray</aggregation_state>
            <specimen_preparation_list>
                <helical_preparation preparation_id="1">
                    <concentration units="mg/mL">2</concentration>
                    <buffer>
                        <ph>7.4</ph>
                        <details>100mM Tris-HCl, 2M NaCl, 40% NH2SO4</details>
                    </buffer>
                    <staining>
                        <type>NEGATIVE</type>
                        <details>5 ul 0.4% Uranyl Acetate is added to 5 ul sample, grid is floated on mixture for 1 min, then washed twice with 10 ul 0.2% Uranyl Acetate drops.</details>
                    </staining>
                    <grid>
                        <details>300 Mesh copper grid</details>
                    </grid>
                    <vitrification>
                        <cryogen_name>NONE</cryogen_name>
                        <instrument>OTHER</instrument>
                    </vitrification>
                    <details>double dialysis</details>
                </helical_preparation>
            </specimen_preparation_list>
            <microscopy_list>
                <helical_microscopy microscopy_id="1">
                    <microscope>ZEISS LEO912</microscope>
                    <illumination_mode>FLOOD BEAM</illumination_mode>
                    <imaging_mode>BRIGHT FIELD</imaging_mode>
                    <electron_source>TUNGSTEN HAIRPIN</electron_source>
                    <acceleration_voltage units="kV">120</acceleration_voltage>
                    <nominal_defocus_min units="&#181;m">0.8</nominal_defocus_min>
                    <nominal_defocus_max units="&#181;m">1.0</nominal_defocus_max>
                    <nominal_magnification>50000.0</nominal_magnification>
                    <specimen_holder_model>OTHER</specimen_holder_model>
                    <temperature>
                        <temperature_average units="K">295</temperature_average>
                    </temperature>
                    <alignment_procedure>
                        <legacy>
                            <astigmatism>corrected at 80,000 times magnification</astigmatism>
                        </legacy>
                    </alignment_procedure>
                    <specialist_optics>
                        <energy_filter>
                            <name>Omega in-column</name>
                            <lower_energy_threshold units="eV">0.0</lower_energy_threshold>
                            <upper_energy_threshold units="eV">15.0</upper_energy_threshold>
                        </energy_filter>
                    </specialist_optics>
                    <details>Zeiss LEO 912 microscope using low dose technique</details>
                    <image_recording_list>
                        <image_recording>
                            <film_or_detector_model category="FILM">KODAK SO-163 FILM</film_or_detector_model>
                            <digitization_details>
                                <scanner>OTHER</scanner>
                                <sampling_interval units="&#181;m">2</sampling_interval>
                            </digitization_details>
                            <number_real_images>50</number_real_images>
                            <average_electron_dose_per_image units="e/&#8491;^2">100</average_electron_dose_per_image>
                            <details>scanned on Ilford Leafscan at 2A per pixel and binned to 4A per pixel</details>
                            <od_range>1.0</od_range>
                            <bits_per_pixel>16.</bits_per_pixel>
                        </image_recording>
                    </image_recording_list>
                    <specimen_holder>Eucentric</specimen_holder>
                    <tilt_angle_min>0</tilt_angle_min>
                    <tilt_angle_max>0</tilt_angle_max>
                </helical_microscopy>
            </microscopy_list>
            <helical_processing image_processing_id="1">
                <details>Helices segmented into overlapping boxes using Boxer program from EMAN</details>
                <final_reconstruction>
                    <applied_symmetry>
                        <helical_parameters>
                            <delta_z units="&#8491;">65.12</delta_z>
                            <delta_phi units="deg">7.56</delta_phi>
                            <axial_symmetry>D11</axial_symmetry>
                        </helical_parameters>
                    </applied_symmetry>
                    <algorithm>OTHER</algorithm>
                    <resolution res_type="BY AUTHOR" units="&#8491;">20.0</resolution>
                    <resolution_method>FSC 0.5 CUT-OFF</resolution_method>
                    <software_list>
                        <software>
                            <name>SPIDER</name>
                        </software>
                    </software_list>
                    <details>helical symmetry is searched for and imposed each iteration round on the backprojected volume.</details>
                </final_reconstruction>
                <final_angle_assignment>
                    <details>Single axis tilt geometry. 4.1 degree increment for phi to cover an asymmetric wedge of 32.72 degrees. Therefore 8 reference projections.</details>
                </final_angle_assignment>
            </helical_processing>
        </structure_determination>
    </structure_determination_list>
    <map format="CCP4" size_kbytes="8193">
        <file>emd_1469.map.gz</file>
        <symmetry>
            <space_group>1</space_group>
        </symmetry>
        <data_type>IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)</data_type>
        <dimensions>
            <col>128</col>
            <row>128</row>
            <sec>128</sec>
        </dimensions>
        <origin>
            <col>-64</col>
            <row>-64</row>
            <sec>-64</sec>
        </origin>
        <spacing>
            <x>128</x>
            <y>128</y>
            <z>128</z>
        </spacing>
        <cell>
            <a units="&#8491;">512.0</a>
            <b units="&#8491;">512.0</b>
            <c units="&#8491;">512.0</c>
            <alpha units="deg">90.0</alpha>
            <beta units="deg">90.0</beta>
            <gamma units="deg">90.0</gamma>
        </cell>
        <axis_order>
            <fast>X</fast>
            <medium>Y</medium>
            <slow>Z</slow>
        </axis_order>
        <statistics>
            <minimum>-0.0260648</minimum>
            <maximum>0.04370119</maximum>
            <average>0.00259267</average>
            <std>0.00934648</std>
        </statistics>
        <pixel_spacing>
            <x units="&#8491;">4.0</x>
            <y units="&#8491;">4.0</y>
            <z units="&#8491;">4.0</z>
        </pixel_spacing>
        <contour_list>
            <contour primary="true">
                <level>0.018</level>
                <source>EMDB</source>
            </contour>
        </contour_list>
        <annotation_details>surface rendering of histone octamer tubular crystal</annotation_details>
        <details>::::EMDATABANK.org::::EMD-1469::::</details>
    </map>
    <interpretation>
        <modelling_list>
            <modelling>
                <initial_model>
                    <access_code>2HIO</access_code>
                </initial_model>
                <refinement_protocol>RIGID BODY FIT</refinement_protocol>
                <software_list>
                    <software>
                        <name>SPIDER</name>
                    </software>
                </software_list>
                <details>Protocol: Rigid body. Because of helical line group, the dyad axis is constrained to lie facing the helical axis and reduces the search to 2D. i.e. to rotations and translations about this dyad.</details>
                <target_criteria>CC and VdW</target_criteria>
                <refinement_space>REAL</refinement_space>
            </modelling>
        </modelling_list>
    </interpretation>
</emd>