CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HEXAMERIC HAEMOCYANIN FROM PANULIRUS INTERRUPTUS REFINED AT 3.2 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION

Crystal structure of hexameric haemocyanin from Panulirus interruptus refined at 3.2 A resolution.

Spectroscopic Investigations of Panulirus Interruptus Hemocyanin in the Crystalline State

Pseudo 2-Fold Symmetry in the Copper-Binding Domain of Arthropodan Haemocyanins. Possible Implications for the Evolution of Oxygen Transport Proteins

Panulirus Interruptus Hemocyanin. The Amino Acid Sequence of Subunit B and Anomalous Behavior of Subunits a and B on Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis in the Presence of Sds

Panulirus Interruptus Hemocyanin. The Elucidation of the Complete Amino Acid Sequence of Subunit A

Structure Determination of Panulirus Interruptus Haemocyanin at 3.2 Angstroms Resolution. Successful Phase Extension by Sixfold Density Averaging

3.2 Angstroms Structure of the Copper-Containing, Oxygen-Carrying Protein Panulirus Interruptus Haemocyanin

DALGTGNAQKQQDINHLLDKIYEPTKYPDLKDIAENFNPLGDTSIYNDHGAAVETLMKELNDHRLLEQRHWYSLFNTRQR
KEALMLFAVLNQCKEWYCFRSNAAYFRERMNEGEFVYALYVSVIHSKLGDGIVLPPLYQITPHMFTNSEVIDKAYSAKMT
QKPGTFNVSFTGTKKNREQRVAYFGEDIGMNIHHVTWHMDFPFWWEDSYGYHLDRKGELFFWVHHQLTARFDFERLSNWL
DPVDELHWDRIIREGFAPLTSYKYGGEFPVRPDNIHFEDVDGVAHVHDLEITESRIHEAIDHGYITDSDGHTIDIRQPKG
IELLGDIIESSKYSSNVQYYGSLHNTAHVMLGRQGDPHGKFNLPPGVMEHFETATRDPSFFRLHKYMDNIFKKHTDSFPP
YTHDNLEFSGMVVNGVAIDGELITFFDEFQYSLINAVDSGENIEDVEINARVHRLNHNEFTYKITMSNNNDGERLATFRI
FLCPIEDNNGITLTLDEARWFCIELDKFFQKVPSGPETIERSSKDSSVTVPDMPSFQSLKEQADNAVNGGHDLDLSAYER
SCGIPDRMLLPKSKPEGMEFNLYVAVTDGDKDTEGHNGGHDYGGTHAQCGVHGEAYPDNRPLGYPLERRIPDERVIDGVS
NIKHVVVKIVHHLEHHD

PANULIRUS INTERRUPTUS HAEMOCYANIN HEXAMERS CONTAIN THREE DIFFERENT, THOUGH HOMOLOGOUS, SUBUNIT TYPES. THE CRYSTALS USED FOR THE STRUCTURE DETERMINATION CONTAINED ABOUT EQUAL QUANTITIES OF SUBUNIT TYPES A AND B, WHICH DIFFER AT 18 POSITIONS. IN GENERAL THE SEQUENCE OF SUBUNIT TYPE A WAS FITTED TO THE DENSITY, EXCEPT FOR POSITIONS: 32, 163, 458 AND 514 WHERE THE SUBUNIT B SEQUENCE WAS USED.

THE REFINEMENT WAS CARRIED OUT BY FIRST MAINTAINING PERFECT 32 SYMMETRY, FOLLOWED BY RIGID BODY REFINEMENT OF THE 6 SUB UNITS, RESULTING IN A HEXAMER OF IDENTICAL SUB UNITS, BUT WITH SIGNIFICANT DEVIATIONS FROM 32 SYMMETRY (PROTEIN DATA BANK ENTRY 1HCY). SUBSEQUENT REFINEMENT RELAXING THE LOCAL SYMMETRY CONSTRAINTS RESULTED IN SIX NON-IDENTICAL MODELS (PROTEIN DATA BANK ENTRIES 1HC1 - 1HC6).

DALGTGNAQKQQDINHLLDKIYEPTKYPDLKEIAENFNPLGDTSIYNDHGAAVETLMKELNDHRLLEQRHWYSLFNTRQR
KEALMLFAVLNQCKEWYCFRSNAAYFRERMNEGEFVYALYVSVIHSKLGDGIVLPPLYQITPHMFTNSEVIDKAYSAKMT
QKQGTFNVSFTGTKKNREQRVAYFGEDIGMNIHHVTWHMDFPFWWEDSYGYHLDRKGELFFWVHHQLTARFDFERLSNWL
DPVDELHWDRIIREGFAPLTSYKYGGEFPVRPDNIHFEDVDGVAHVHDLEITESRIHEAIDHGYITDSDGHTIDIRQPKG
IELLGDIIESSKYSSNVQYYGSLHNTAHVMLGRQGDPHGKFNLPPGVMEHFETATRDPSFFRLHKYMDNIFKKHTDSFPP
YTHDNLEFSGMVVNGVAIDGELITFFDEFQYSLINAVDSGENIEDVEINARVHRLNHKEFTYKITMSNNNDGERLATFRI
FLCPIEDNNGITLTLDEARWFCIELDKFFQKVPKGPETIERSSKDSSVTVPDMPSFQSLKEQADNAVNGGHDLDLSAYER
SCGIPDRMLLPKSKPEGMEFNLYVAVTDGDKDTEGHNGGHDYGGTHAQCGVHGEAYPDNRPLGYPLERRIPDERVIDGVS
NIKHVVVKIVHHLEHHD